Example of Analytical Exposition

COLLABORATIVE LEARNING SHOULD BE APPLIED IN LEARNING PROCESS

(By: Zakridatul Agusmaniar Rane / A1D2 08018)

Collaborative learning is one of a good learning approach that can be applied in the class. The concept of collaborative learning which refers to an instruction method in which learners at various performance levels work together in small groups toward a common goal will create the learning condition which is more effective, interesting and useful.

Collaborative learning can build students’ self-esteem because students must work in groups and have the same chance to show their opinion. Collaborative efforts among students result in a higher degree of accomplishment by all participants as opposed to individual, competitive systems in which many students are left behind (Slavin 1967). Competition fosters a win-lose situation where superior students reap all rewards and recognition and mediocre or low-achieving students reap none. In contrast everyone benefits from a CL environment. Students help each other and in doing so build a supportive community which raises the performance level of each member (Kagan 1986). This in turn leads to higher self esteem in all students (Webb 1982).

In collaborative learning students are challenged to create something new with the information and idea. They need to integrate this new material with what they already know to recognize what they think. They have to overcome the problem in their own way. This condition will enhance student satisfaction with the learning experience because naturally, people find satisfaction with activities which value their abilities and include them in the process. Effective teams or groups assume ownership of a process and its results when individuals are encouraged to work together toward a common goal, often defined by the group. This aspect is especially helpful for individuals who have a history or failure (Turnure & Zeigler 1958).

The other benefit of collaborative learning is promoting a positive attitude toward the subject matter. Their critical thinking skills increase and their retention of information and interest in the subject matter improves (Kulick & Kulick 1979). When students are successful, they view the subject matter with a very positive attitude because their self esteem is enhanced. This creates a positive cycle of good performance building higher self esteem which in turn leads to more interest in the subject and higher performance yet. Students share their success with their groups, thus enhancing both the individual's and the group's self esteem. Some cooperative learning structures formalize this effect by awarding certificates of achievement or improvement to students or extra credit to groups for an individual's or group's improvement.

In conclusion, collaborative learning is a good learning approach which has many positive effects for students. We can apply this learning approach in class in order to enhance the quality of our students.